abstract：:Hostility is a personality trait associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease. No study has reported the association between hostility and antioxidants, which may be mediators for atherosclerosis. CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) Study participants were 3,579 men and women 18-30 ye...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ohira T,Hozawa A,Iribarren C,Daviglus ML,Matthews KA,Gross MD,Jacobs DR Jr

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated the association between intrauterine growth and intellectual disability (ID). The appropriateness of intrauterine growth was assessed using percentage of optimal birth weight, a measure that accounts for gestational age, maternal height, parity, and infant sex. Using population-based record li...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Leonard H,Nassar N,Bourke J,Blair E,Mulroy S,de Klerk N,Bower C

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A single nucleotide polymorphism, - 160C-->A, has been identified in the promoter region of the E-cadherin gene and has been shown to alter its transcriptional activity. To assess susceptibility of -160A allele carriers to seven types of cancers, the authors conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis, up to November 2006...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wang GY,Lu CQ,Zhang RM,Hu XH,Luo ZW

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low birth weight of offspring has been associated with increased risk of maternal cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular risk factors measured within pregnancy have been related to offspring birth weight. It is not clear whether cardiovascular risk factors assessed prior to pregnancy are associated with the offs...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Romundstad PR,Davey Smith G,Nilsen TI,Vatten LJ

更新日期：2007-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A small number of prior epidemiologic studies of occupational noise exposure based on self-report have suggested an association with acoustic neuroma. The goal of the present study was to further examine the association between noise exposure and acoustic neuroma by using an objective measure of exposure in the form o...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Edwards CG,Schwartzbaum JA,Nise G,Forssén UM,Ahlbom A,Lönn S,Feychting M

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium and dairy foods in relation to prostate cancer were examined in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP (formerly known as the American Association of Retired Persons) Diet and Health Study (1995/1996-2001). Diet was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Multivariate relative risks and...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Park Y,Mitrou PN,Kipnis V,Hollenbeck A,Schatzkin A,Leitzmann MF

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the mid-19th century, the German hygienist Max von Pettenkofer viewed cholera as resulting from the interaction between a postulated cholera germ and the characteristics of soils. In order to cause cholera, the cholera germ had to become a cholera miasma, but this transformation required prolonged contact of the ge...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Morabia A

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Explanations for the low prevalence of atherosclerosis in Japan versus the United States are often confounded with genetic variation. To help remove such confounding, the authors compared coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, between Japanese men in Japan and Japanese men in Haw...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Abbott RD,Ueshima H,Rodriguez BL,Kadowaki T,Masaki KH,Willcox BJ,Sekikawa A,Kuller LH,Edmundowicz D,Shin C,Kashiwagi A,Nakamura Y,El-Saed A,Okamura T,White R,Curb JD

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exceptionally high incidence rates of thyroid cancer are observed in New Caledonia, particularly in Melanesian women. To investigate further the etiology of thyroid cancer and to clarify the reasons of this elevated incidence, the authors conducted a countrywide population-based case-control study in this multiethnic ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Guignard R,Truong T,Rougier Y,Baron-Dubourdieu D,Guénel P

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast cancer is diagnosed at a younger age and a more advanced stage in African-American women than in White women. The authors investigated the effects of several factors, including race, on stage of breast cancer in women aged 20-54 years living in Atlanta, Georgia, and diagnosed between 1990 and 1992. A total of 2...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hahn KM,Bondy ML,Selvan M,Lund MJ,Liff JM,Flagg EW,Brinton LA,Porter P,Eley JW,Coates RJ

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of epidemiology and clinical medicine is focused on estimating the effects of treatments or interventions administered over time. In such settings of longitudinal treatment, time-dependent confounding is often an important source of bias. Marginal structural models (MSMs) are a powerful tool for estimating the ca...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Petersen ML,Deeks SG,Martin JN,van der Laan MJ

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this case-control study was to evaluate whether occupational conditions during pregnancy are associated with preterm delivery (PTD). Women whose work conditions changed following the use of a legally justified preventive measure (withdrawal from work or job reassignment) were also compared with those ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Croteau A,Marcoux S,Brisson C

更新日期：2007-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that physical inactivity is an important determinant of numerous chronic diseases. However, self-reported estimates of physical activity contain measurement errors responsible for attenuating relative risk estimates. A validation study conducted in 2002-2003 at the Alberta Cance...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ferrari P,Friedenreich C,Matthews CE

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Largely on the basis of results from meta-analyses of observational studies, postmenopausal estrogen was widely prescribed to prevent coronary heart disease. However, epidemiologic studies, no matter how consistent and coherent, are not sufficient to recommend mass preventive therapy to healthy women. In fact, all thr...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Barrett-Connor E

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluorescent oxidation products in plasma are stable with routine blood collection methods and reflect oxidation in food, animals, and in vitro. Whether plasma fluorescent oxidation products predict future coronary heart disease has not been established. Among US men without cardiovascular disease who provided blood sp...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wu T,Rifai N,Willett WC,Rimm EB

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors examined the associations of observed neighborhood (block face) and housing conditions with the incidence of diabetes by using data from 644 subjects in the African-American Health Study (St. Louis area, Missouri). They also investigated five mediating pathways (health behavior, psychosocial, health status...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Schootman M,Andresen EM,Wolinsky FD,Malmstrom TK,Miller JP,Yan Y,Miller DK

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Public health recommendations promote physical activity to improve health and longevity. Recent data suggest that the association between physical activity and mortality may be due to genetic selection. Using data on twins, the authors investigated whether genetic selection explains the association between physical ac...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Carlsson S,Andersson T,Lichtenstein P,Michaëlsson K,Ahlbom A

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lower intake of the essential trace element selenium may be a risk factor for prostate cancer and other cancers. In the United States, many racial disparities in cancer incidence, such as the 61% higher incidence of prostate cancer among Blacks relative to Whites, remain unexplained. Using data from a large, nationall...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Vogt TM,Ziegler RG,Patterson BH,Graubard BI

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of propensity scores to adjust for measured confounding factors has become increasingly popular in cohort studies. However, their use in case-control and case-cohort studies has received little attention. The authors present some theory on the estimation and use of propensity scores in case-control and case-co...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Månsson R,Joffe MM,Sun W,Hennessy S

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors have investigated associations between offspring size at birth and parental cardiovascular disease mortality among 12,086 mothers and 6,936 fathers of participants in the British 1958 birth cohort. Birth weight was inversely associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in both mothers a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Davey Smith G,Hyppönen E,Power C,Lawlor DA

更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypertensive complications of pregnancy contribute to the burden of maternal morbidity and subsequently have an impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although codes from the International Classification of Diseases should delineate the specific subtypes of pregnancy-related hypertension, how diagnoses are applie...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Callaghan WM

更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Death rarely results from only one cause, and it can be caused by a variety of factors. Multiple cause-of-death data files can list as many as 20 contributing causes of death in addition to the reported underlying cause of death. Analysis of multiple cause-of-death data can provide information on associations between ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Redelings MD,Wise M,Sorvillo F

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A consistent framework has been developed for measuring health disparities and making comparisons across indicators with regard to the public health goals of Healthy People 2010. Disparities are measured as the percent difference from the best group rate, with all indicators being expressed in terms of adverse events....

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Keppel KG

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perceived discrimination may contribute to somatic disease. The association between perceived discrimination and breast cancer incidence was assessed in the Black Women's Health Study. In 1997, participants completed questions on perceived discrimination in two domains: "everyday" discrimination (e.g., being treated a...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Taylor TR,Williams CD,Makambi KH,Mouton C,Harrell JP,Cozier Y,Palmer JR,Rosenberg L,Adams-Campbell LL

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increased recognition that determinants of health should be investigated in a life-course perspective. Retirement is a major transition in the life course and offers opportunities for changes in physical activity that may improve health in the aging population. The authors examined the effect of retirement on...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Slingerland AS,van Lenthe FJ,Jukema JW,Kamphuis CB,Looman C,Giskes K,Huisman M,Narayan KM,Mackenbach JP,Brug J

更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smoking is becoming increasingly common in Asia while quitting remains rare, in part because of a lack of knowledge about the risks of smoking. This study compared the risk of death from lung cancer associated with smoking habits in Australia and New Zealand and in Asia by using data from the Asia Pacific Co...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Huxley R,Jamrozik K,Lam TH,Barzi F,Ansary-Moghaddam A,Jiang CQ,Suh I,Woodward M,Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration.

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In anticipation of the sequencing of the human genome and description of the human proteome, the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-Reykjavik) was initiated in 2002. AGES-Reykjavik was designed to examine risk factors, including genetic susceptibility and gene/environment interaction, in relati...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Harris TB,Launer LJ,Eiriksdottir G,Kjartansson O,Jonsson PV,Sigurdsson G,Thorgeirsson G,Aspelund T,Garcia ME,Cotch MF,Hoffman HJ,Gudnason V

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few studies have focused on the impact of weight maintenance on cardiovascular disease risk factors or addressed whether changes differ by baseline weight status and medication usage. The authors examined these issues using 9 years of follow-up data on 3,235 men and women from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Truesdale KP,Stevens J,Cai J

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Selenium is a trace element associated with antioxidant activity and is considered to be a protective agent against free radicals through enhanced enzyme activity. Studies on selenium and cognitive function or Alzheimer's disease have yielded inconsistent results. A cross-sectional survey of 2,000 rural Chinese aged 6...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Gao S,Jin Y,Hall KS,Liang C,Unverzagt FW,Ji R,Murrell JR,Cao J,Shen J,Ma F,Matesan J,Ying B,Cheng Y,Bian J,Li P,Hendrie HC

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Physical size at birth (primarily birth weight) is a key predictor of infant mortality and morbidity and may serve as a predictor of risk to chronic disease in adulthood. By use of birth records, it is sometimes possible to accumulate large, even massive, data sets that can permit analyses to separate genetic and envi...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Beaty TH

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The associations of intakes of calcium and vitamin D with colorectal cancer risk were examined in the Multiethnic Cohort Study (Hawaii and Los Angeles, California). In 1993-1996, 85,903 men and 105,108 women aged > or =45 years completed a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total of 2,110 incident cases of c...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Park SY,Murphy SP,Wilkens LR,Nomura AM,Henderson BE,Kolonel LN

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the major sources of indoor air pollution are combustion by-products from heating and cooking. Concern is increasing that use of polluting heating and cooking sources can increase cancer risk. In Canada, most cooking and heating currently relies on electricity or natural gas, but, in the past, and still in some ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ramanakumar AV,Parent ME,Siemiatycki J

更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Reproductive hormonal factors may have a potential role in cutaneous melanoma. This study estimated the risk of melanoma in women related to self-reported changes in nevi during pregnancy, while using oral contraceptives and/or hormone replacement therapy. Trained interviewers administered a questionnaire obtaining in...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Lea CS,Holly EA,Hartge P,Lee JS,Guerry D 4th,Elder DE,Halpern A,Sagebiel RW,Tucker MA

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known the about the reproductive health of offspring after fertility treatment. In 2001-2005, the authors approached young Danish men attending a compulsory physical examination to determine their fitness for military service. A total of 1,925 men volunteered, delivered a semen sample, had a physical examina...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Jensen TK,Jørgensen N,Asklund C,Carlsen E,Holm M,Skakkebaek NE

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors aimed to quantify the effects of current systolic blood pressure (SBP) and serum total cholesterol on the risk of mortality in comparison with SBP or serum cholesterol 25 years previously, taking measurement error into account. The authors reanalyzed 35-year follow-up data on mortality due to coronary hear...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Boshuizen HC,Lanti M,Menotti A,Moschandreas J,Tolonen H,Nissinen A,Nedeljkovic S,Kafatos A,Kromhout D

更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The receiver operating characteristic curve is a commonly used tool for evaluating biomarker usefulness in clinical diagnosis of disease. Frequently, biomarkers being assessed have immeasurable or unreportable samples below some limit of detection. Ignoring observations below the limit of detection leads to negatively...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Perkins NJ,Schisterman EF,Vexler A

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A few epidemiologic studies have shown an increased risk of death from external causes among men with hypertension. Previous studies were limited by small numbers of events, however, and none assessed the association of blood pressure with specific types of "accidental" death. The authors examined data obtained from b...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Terry PD,Abramson JL,Neaton JD,MRFIT Research Group.

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prevalent biologic specimens can be used to estimate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence using a two-stage immunologic testing algorithm that hinges on the average time, T, between testing HIV-positive on highly sensitive enzyme immunoassays and testing HIV-positive on less sensitive enzyme immunoassays. Comm...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cole SR,Chu H,Brookmeyer R

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the role of nutrition in the association of birth size and childhood growth with development of cardiovascular disease, the authors in 2002-2004 surveyed 665 men and 790 women aged 25-42 years who had been exposed as children to a community-randomized nutrition supplementation intervention in four villages in...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Stein AD,Wang M,Ramirez-Zea M,Flores R,Grajeda R,Melgar P,Ramakrishnan U,Martorell R

更新日期：2006-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors hypothesized that genetic predisposition to diabetes complications would be more evident among low-risk individuals and aimed to identify genes related to developing complications (confirmed distal symmetric polyneuropathy, overt nephropathy, or coronary artery disease) in low-risk groups. Participants in ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Costacou T,Chang Y,Ferrell RE,Orchard TJ

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00